NEW YORK (AP) 鈥� Eric Carle, the beloved children鈥檚 author and illustrator whose classic 鈥淭he Very Hungry Caterpillar鈥� and other works gave millions of kids some of their earliest and most cherished literary memories, has died at age 91.
Carle's family says he died Sunday at his summer studio in Northampton, Massachusetts, with family members at his side. The family's announcement was issued by Penguin Young Readers.
鈥淗eaven just got more colorful,鈥� Peter H. Reynolds, author and illustrator of 鈥淭he Dot,鈥� wrote Carle, he said, 鈥渕ade his mark, splashing bravely and inspiring those around him to do the same.鈥�
Through books like 鈥淏rown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?鈥� 鈥淒o You Want to Be My Friend?鈥� and 鈥淔rom Head to Toe,鈥� Carle introduced universal themes in simple words and bright colors.
鈥淭he unknown often brings fear with it,鈥� he once observed. 鈥淚n my books I try to counteract this fear, to replace it with a positive message. I believe that children are naturally creative and eager to learn. I want to show them that learning is really both fascinating and fun.鈥�
鈥淭he Very Hungry Caterpillar,鈥� published in 1969, was welcomed by parents and delighted kids with its story of the metamorphosis of a green and red caterpillar to a proudly multi-colored butterfly.
Originally conceived as a book about a bookworm 鈥� called 鈥淎 Week with Willi the Worm鈥� 鈥� the hero, who eats through 26 different foods, was changed to a caterpillar on the advice of his editor. It has sold some 40 million copies and has been translated into 60 languages, spawned stuffed animal caterpillars and has been turned into a stage play.
鈥淚 remember that as a child, I always felt I would never grow up and be big and articulate and intelligent,鈥� Carle told The New York Times in 1994. 鈥漙Caterpillar鈥� is a book of hope: you, too, can grow up and grow wings.鈥�
Politicians like George W. Bush and Hillary Clinton were known to read the book to children on the campaign trail. The American Academy of Pediatrics sent more than 17,000 pediatricians special copies of the book, along with growth charts and parent handouts on healthy eating. Fellow writer and illustrator Ted Dewan called the book one of the pillars of children鈥檚 culture. 鈥淚t鈥檚 almost talking about how great the Beatles were. It鈥檚 beyond reproach,鈥� he said.
Carle wrote and-or illustrated more than 75 books, sometimes partnering with Bill Martin Jr. or other authors, but most with Carle working alone. One of his last books was 2015鈥瞫 鈥淭he Nonsense Show,鈥� which centered on a parade of flying fish, cat-taming mice and circus animals.
鈥淭o have spent some time with Eric Carle was the closest thing one could get to hanging out with the actual Santa Claus. His books and his advocacy for the arts will continue to ripple through time. But we in the children鈥檚 book community will miss him terribly,鈥� National Book Award finalist Jarrett J. Krosoczka wrote on Twitter.
Born to German immigrant parents in Syracuse, New York, Carle and his family returned to Germany 鈥� Nazi Germany, at the time 鈥�- when he was 6. Under the Nazis, modern, expressionistic and abstract art was banned and only realistic and naturalistic art was permitted.
When Carle was 12 or 13, a high school art teacher would change his life by inviting him to his home, where he secretly showed his expressionist art, including Franz Marc鈥檚 鈥淏lue Horse.鈥�
鈥淚 was used to pretty paintings with a mountain in the background. Although I was shocked, I always carried that day in my heart,鈥� Carle told NPR in 2011. As an illustrator, he said he chose to portray animals in unconventional colors to show his young readers that in art, there is no wrong color. He thanked Marc in the pages of 鈥淭he Artist Who Painted a Blue Horse.鈥�
His signature illustration technique was done by piecing pictures together chiefly from tissue paper that he had painted with various colors and textures. 鈥淚t sounds corny, but I think I connect with the child in me, and I think others do, too,鈥� he told The Associated Press in 2003.
His father introduced him to the wonders of the living creatures that he would later immortalize in his books. 鈥淲hen I was a small child, as far back as I can remember, he would take me by the hand and we would go out in nature,鈥� he told The New York Times in 1994. 鈥淎nd he would show me worms and bugs and bees and ants and explain their lives to me. It was a very loving relationship.鈥�
The theme of kids mastering the world was tackled in other tales of critters with 鈥渧ery鈥� big predicaments: 鈥淭he Very Busy Spider,鈥� 鈥淭he Very Quiet Cricket,鈥� 鈥淭he Very Lonely Firefly鈥� and 鈥淔riends.鈥� The love of family was explored in such books as 鈥淧apa, Please Get the Moon for Me,鈥� 1986; and 鈥淒oes a Kangaroo Have a Mother, Too?鈥� from 2000.
After graduating from a leading German art school, he returned to the United States in 1952. He worked as a graphic designer in the promotion department of The New York Times before switching to advertising.
It was Martin who spotted Carle鈥檚 talents and brought him into the publishing field. Carle was working as an art director for an advertising agency at the time; Martin had just written 鈥淏rown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?鈥� and needed an illustrator.
鈥淲hile waiting for a dentist appointment, I came across an ad he had done that featured a Maine lobster,鈥� Martin, who died in 2004, told the AP in 2003. 鈥淭he art was so striking that I knew instantly that I had found my artist!鈥�
The book, which introduces colors and animals to young readers, came out in 1967 and became a perennial bestseller. Their other joint works were 1991鈥瞫 鈥淧olar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear?鈥� and 2003鈥瞫 鈥淧anda Bear, Panda Bear, What Do You See?鈥�
In 2002, Carle and his late wife, Barbara Carle, founded The Eric Carle Museum of Picture Book Art. Based in Amherst, Massachusetts, the nonprofit, 40,000-square-foot arts center is a showcase for picture book illustrations from around the world. He received lifetime achievement awards from the National Endowment for the Arts and the American Library Association.
He is survived by a son and a daughter.
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AP National Writer Hillel Italie contributed to this story.
Mark Kennedy, The Associated Press
