GOMA, Congo (AP) 鈥� Street lights erase the shadows where attackers once hid. Noisy, polluting diesel generators have gone silent. New businesses are taking root.
In several Goma neighborhoods where almost nobody had electricity just five years ago, a small solar network is offering a flicker of hope despite widespread poverty and the city's by Congolese rebels early this year.
Advocates believe it's a model that can be successful throughout the and beyond to electrify places where conflict and poverty have left people behind, using renewable energy to benefit those most vulnerable to .
鈥淚 remember the first night that we turned on the public street lighting, just spontaneous celebrations in the streets, just people coming out of their homes, singing and dancing with our team,鈥� said Jonathan Shaw, chief executive officer of Nuru, the utility he helped start. 鈥淛ust seeing what this meant to people ... the sense of their dignity and value that somebody was willing to come and invest in their lives and their communities and their homes (is) so, so moving.鈥�
That was in 2020, three years after Shaw, a former teacher, and Congolese partner Archip Lobo Ngumba built the DRC's first commercial solar minigrid in the small town of Beni in Congo's North Kivu province. Provincial officials then asked them to consider Goma, near the Rwandan border, where only a small fraction of the population had access to electricity 鈥� usually from diesel-powered generators, Shaw said.
With investor backing, Nuru built the 1.3-megawatt minigrid 鈥� interconnected last year with a hydropower grid in Virunga National Park, north of Goma, to bolster resilience 鈥� that together power phone and internet service and a private company that pumps, treats and distributes water. Other customers include a large grain mill, phone-charging stations, a small movie theater and even residents 鈥渏ust plugging in a little fridge and ... selling cold beer on the street,鈥� Shaw said.
鈥淵ou鈥檙e just seeing every level of ingenuity and scale,鈥� he said. 鈥淚t鈥檚 been overwhelming how effective that鈥檚 been ... far beyond what I could have imagined.鈥�
Tradespeople said they spend significantly less than before, when they used diesel generators.
鈥淲ith generators, we spent about $15 a day if we worked a lot. Now with Nuru, it鈥檚 $10 daily and the electricity is better because there鈥檚 no breakdown requiring costly repairs,鈥� said welder Mahamudu Bitego, who lives in the Ndosho neighborhood.
And residents say they feel safer since Nuru installed street lights in Ndosho.
鈥淣o one can hide under trees anymore,鈥� said Choma Choma Mayuto Banga. 鈥淚f someone suspicious is hiding, we can spot them and escape.鈥�
Protecting the grid
Working in conflict zones can be risky, but Nuru says its experience in Goma underscores how beneficial electricity is in these areas.
Last year, unexploded grenades left from past conflicts were found on the Nuru site and one detonated, damaging solar panels. Then early this year, in an attack that killed almost 3,000 people, according to United Nations estimates.
Nuru鈥檚 electricity kept flowing while power in other areas went down, a fact Shaw believes testifies to its importance to residents, who he said guarded the solar farm's gates to ensure nobody looted or destroyed the panels.
鈥淭he only lights in the city, the only thing powering water and connectivity was our infrastructure,鈥� Shaw said. 鈥淚t felt worth the whole project just to be there in ... some of the darkest moments in people鈥檚 lives and to be something they could rely on when nothing else was working.鈥�
Nuru鈥檚 solar panels have occasionally been struck by stray bullets during gunfire, said Alain Byamungu Chiruza, Nuru鈥檚 senior director of business development. 鈥淏ut in general...our panels are safe because the community understands that (they are) for their own good.鈥�
Expansion plans
The Goma experience highlights the advantages of decentralized or standalone power grids, making it a logical blueprint for population centers in the rest of the country, where the electrification rate is roughly 20%, according to the company.
Nuru is building another 3.7-megawatt plant in Goma, which is about 70% complete but currently on hold due to the security situation. The company aims to serve 10 million Congolese by the end of 2030.
鈥淲e just feel like this could scale really rapidly and have an incredible impact in Congo and beyond,鈥� said Shaw.
About 565 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa lack electricity 鈥� representing about 85% of the global population without power. This makes off-grid solar power a 鈥渃ornerstone of Africa's energy future,鈥� especially in rural areas, said Stephen Kansuk, the United Nations Development Programme's regional technical advisor for Africa.
It鈥檚 scaling up rapidly and an initiative by the World Bank and African Development Bank is expected to provide off-grid solar electricity access to about 150 million people by 2030, helping to power health clinics, schools and more, he said.
鈥淪olar energy is...a powerful instrument for climate adaptation and resilience,鈥� Kansuk said. 鈥淐ommunities facing the brunt of climate change 鈥� droughts, floods, heat waves 鈥� are often the same ones with limited or no access to reliable electricity.鈥�
Social value
Nuru investors 鈥� including the Schmidt Family Foundation, started by 鈥� believe that renewable energy infrastructure is viable even in politically unstable areas like Goma, Shaw said. People in such regions are often the least likely to have electricity, but are highly vulnerable to harms from climate change, intensified by the burning of fossil fuels like coal and natural gas.
The company also sells Peace Renewable Energy Credits, or P-RECs, to companies like Microsoft. These credits are verified as originating from a fragile, conflict-affected region and, though more expensive than traditional renewable energy credits, they increase buyers' social and environmental impact by helping to build renewable energy infrastructure in areas that have been underserved.
By channeling money to such areas, P-RECs 鈥渙ffer a rare convergence of climate action, development and peacebuilding 鈥� a triple win,鈥� said the U.N.'s Kansuk.
They also have the potential to help transform communities in many areas around the world, and offer a way for corporations to support social stability, said Elizabeth Willmott, an independent consultant and former director of Microsoft鈥檚 carbon program.
鈥淚f a corporation鈥檚 already going to purchase renewable energy outside of their direct grid, the perspective is why not also support social and economic impact in communities that need it most,鈥� she said.
Shaw believes Nuru has built goodwill in Congo with its initial projects to drive transformation.
鈥淯nfortunately, Congo is very much a place where a lot of people come in with big promises," he said. "I think people see that we鈥檙e not just throwing something up to get a light bulb turned on. We鈥檙e really building infrastructure that lasts for a generation.鈥�
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Webber reported from Fenton, Michigan.
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Tammy Webber, Justin Kabumba And Moses Sawasawa, The Associated Press
